Okwakuke kwazwakala sengathi inganekwane yesayensi sekuseduze kakhulu nokuba ngokoqobo: I-Intel izophinde ibe khona kuma-Macs nama-iPadsKodwa-ke, indima yayo izohluka ngokuphelele esikhathini sangaphambi kwe-Apple Silicon. Esikhundleni sokuhlinzeka ngamaphrosesa ayo e-x86, inkampani yakwaSanta Clara izokhiqiza ingxenye yama-chips adalwe i-Apple yeMacBook Air ne-iPad Pro yayo ezayo. hlela ukuthi i-Intel ikhiqize i-Apple Silicon.
Imibiko eminingana ye-supply chain, nomhlaziyi I-Ming-Chi Kuo Phezulu, bayakukhomba lokho I-Apple inikeze ukukhanya okuluhlaza ohlelweni lwe-Intel lokukhiqiza ama-chips e-Apple Silicon asezingeni lokungena. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yale minyaka eyishumi. Lesi sinyathelo sihambisana necebo le-Apple lokwehlukanisa abahlinzeki kanye nomzamo we-Intel wokuqalisa kabusha ibhizinisi layo elithuthukisiwe lokusungula emakethe ebuswa yi-TSMC kanye ne-Samsung.
Kusukela emshadweni we-x86 kuya ekuhlanganeni njengesisekelo
Iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, Ama-Mac athembele kuma-Intel processors asuselwe ekwakhiweni kwe-x86kuze kube ngu-2020 lapho i-Apple iqeda ukushintshela ku-Apple Silicon nge Ama-arm cores aklanywe eCupertinoLokho kubonakale kuqeda ukuzibandakanya kwe-Intel kumakhompyutha omkhiqizo, kodwa ukuvuza kwakamuva kuyachaza ukubuya okungalindelekileI-Intel izophinde ivele kuma-Macs nama-iPads, nakuba iqinile njengomkhiqizi.
Okubalulekile wukuthi I-Intel ngeke ibambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni noma ekwakhiweni kwama-chips.Yonke intuthuko izohlala isezandleni zamaqembu akwa-Apple, azoqhubeka nokudala awawo ama-Arm SoCs alungiselelwe i-macOS ne-iPadOS. Inkampani yaseMelika izosebenza njengesisekelo esimsulwa, endimeni efana naleyo ye-TSMC namuhla: ukuhlinzeka ngezimboni, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezisezingeni eliphezulu, namandla okukhiqiza, kodwa ngaphandle kokubeka isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa sizophinde siyibone I-MacBook Air ne-iPad Pro enama-chips akhiqizwa ngokomzimba ezitshalweni ze-IntelKepha basazoba yi-Apple Silicon yeqiniso. Ngeke kube nokubuyela emuva ekwakhiweni kwe-x86 noma ukubuyela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okudala nezinkinga zokushisa zenkathi yangaphambilini: zizoba imiklamo ye-Apple ekhiqizwe kuma-Intel node athuthukisiwe.
Ushintsho lubalulekile ikakhulukazi ezimakethe ezifana ISpain kanye neYurophu yonkelapho i-MacBook Air kanye nama-iPads ebanga lobungcweti zizimise njengezinketho ezidume kakhulu phakathi kwabantu ngabanye nasezimweni zemfundo nezomsebenzi. Ukuqinisa kwe-Apple kwenethiwekhi yayo yokukhiqiza ama-chip kungaba nomthelela ngqo ku- ukutholakala nokuzinza kwentengo kulezi zifunda.
Imaphi ama-chip azokwenziwa yi-Intel futhi iyiphi indima ezodlalwa yi-TSMC?
Imibiko eyahlukene iyavuma ukuthi umfelandawonye uzogxila kuwo izinguqulo zezinga lokungena zemindeni yesikhathi esizayo ye-M6 noma i-M7Okusho ukuthi, okuhlukile okuyisisekelo kwalawa ma-SoCs, okuhloselwe amadivayisi anevolumu ephezulu njenge-MacBook Air, amamodeli athile e-iPad Pro, ngisho namakhompuyutha e-iPad Air anesizotha kakhulu noma edeskithophu.
Kulolu hlelo, Ububanzi obunamandla kakhulu—i-Pro, i-Max ne-Ultra—izoqhubeka nokuphathwa TSMCUmsunguli waseTaiwan uzoqhubeka nokukhiqiza ama-chips anezidingo eziphezulu zokusebenza neziyinkimbinkimbi, njengalezo ze-MacBook Pro, i-Mac Studio, ne-Mac Pro, kanye ne-SoCs ye-iPhone. I-Intel izogcina amamodeli lapho ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko, ukusebenza kahle, namandla okukhiqiza kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuminyanisa yonke imiligremu yokugcina yokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ngakho-ke isivumelwano, Ayihloselwe ukumiselela imboni yaseTaiwanKunalokho, ikhomba imodeli eyingxube lapho i-Apple isabalalisa khona umthwalo wokusebenza ngokohlobo lwe-chip, indawo yokukhiqiza, kanye nezinto eziza kuqala kububanzi bomkhiqizo ngamunye. Eqinisweni, ezinye izibikezelo zisikisela lokho Umthamo womhlaba wonke wama-M-chips angancipha uma i-Apple inquma ukwethula ama-laptops asekelwe ku-iPhone-derived SoCs kusukela ngo-2026.
Ku-TSMC, i umthelela oqondile uzoba nomkhawulo: izogcina i ukukhiqizwa kwemiklamo ethuthuke kakhulu ye-Apple futhi izohlala ingumhlinzeki oyinhloko ekugcineni kwekhathalogi. Kodwa-ke, ukungena kwe-Intel kwethula i-a isici esisha sokuncintisana okungase kuphushe zonke izisekelo ukuthi zicolise izindleko, izinsuku zokugcina kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe.
I-Intel 18A: i-node ye-2nm ezosetshenziselwa ukwenza i-Apple Silicon
Esinye sezici ezigqama kakhulu zesivumelwano ubuchwepheshe obukhethiwe. Ngokusho kukaMing-Chi Kuo neminye imithombo ye-supply chain, I-Intel izosebenzisa inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza ethuthuke kakhulu, eyaziwa nge-Intel 18A (kanye nokwehluka kwakho okungu-18A-P), okulingana ne-node yabo Ama-nanometer ayi-2Kuyinqubo efanayo inkampani ehlela ngayo ukunika amandla imindeni yayo ezayo ye-Panther Lake nezizukulwane ezizayo zama-Core Ultra processors.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuklama kule nodi, i-Apple ngabe isivele ivaliwe izivumelwano zobumfihlo ne-Intel okubanikeza ukufinyelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuzinguqulo zokuqala ze-18A process development kit (PDK). Inguqulo ezinzile yaleyo PDK kulindeleke ekuqaleni kuka-2026, eyayizovumela onjiniyela be-Cupertino ukuthi balungise kahle ama-M chips amasha kumapharamitha we-Intel node wangempela ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhiqizwa kwevolumu.
Izilinganiso zemboni ziyasikisela umthamo wonyaka ongaba khona phakathi kwezigidi eziyi-15 nezingu-20 zama-chips akhiqizwa yi-Intel ye-AppleLe mali izokwanela ukumboza ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesidingo samakhompyutha aphathekayo namathebulethi ebanga elimaphakathi neleveli yokungena, ikhulule i-TSMC komunye walowo mthwalo futhi ivumele i-Apple ukuthi isebenze ngokuguquguqukayo ekuqaliseni kwayo.
I-Intel yokukhiqiza ihadiwe esekwe ku-Arm iphinde imele ushintsho olungokomfanekiso lwenkampani: Ngokomlando, igxile cishe kulo lonke ibhizinisi layo ekwakhiweni kwe-x86., kanye nokukhiqiza amavolumu amakhulu ama-Arm chips aklanywe izinkampani zangaphandle kuphawula ushintsho ekucabangeni ngakumodeli ye-Foundry evuleke kakhudlwana.
Umugqa wesikhathi olindelekile: kusukela ku-M3 yamanje kuye kweyi-M6 ne-M7 engaba khona ekhiqizwa yi-Intel
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lolu shintsho lungase lubonakale nini, kuyasiza ukubheka uhlelo lokukhishwa kwe-Apple Silicon. I-M3 iqale ngo-Okthoba 2023, I-M4 yafika ngoMeyi 2024 Futhi amahemuhemu abeka i-M5 cishe ngo-2025. Ngalesi sivinini, kunengqondo ukwenza iphrojekthi I-M6 ngo-2026 futhi a I-M7 phakathi kokuphela kuka-2027 nokuqala kuka-2028inqobo nje uma i-Apple igcina umjikelezo wayo wamanje.
Kuphakathi kwalesi sikhathi lapho indima ye-Intel ingena khona. U-Kuo uyakuphikisa lokho i-Apple Silicon yokuqala ekhiqizwa ezimbonini ze-Intel Bangase baqale ukuya kokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kusukela ngekota yesibili ka-2027inqobo nje uma kungekho ukubambezeleka okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-node 18A noma imigqa yesikhathi yokuklama ye-Apple.
Lo mugqa wesikhathi uzovumela inkampani yeCupertino vumelanisa ukufika kwama-chips amasha nemijikelezo yawo evamile yokuvuselela ye-Mac ne-iPad. Emakethe yaseYurophu, lokhu kungasho ukuthi iMacBook Airs kanye nama-iPads athile athengiswe kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2027 angahlanganisa amaphrosesa asezingeni lokungena aklanywe i-Apple kodwa akhiqizwa yi-Intel, okungenzeka ukuthi ezitshalweni ezitholakala e-United States, njenge I-Fab 52 yase-Arizona.
Ngaleso sikhathi, abanye abahlaziyi bacubungula ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi i-Apple yethule i-MacBook ene-chip ethathwe ku-iPhone Kusukela ngo-2026. Lokhu kunyakaza kuzonciphisa ingcindezi ebangeni elingu-M lezinga lokungena futhi kuchaze ukuthi kungani amavolumu e-oda amamodeli angenamandla abe ngaphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezizukulwane ezedlule.
Kungani i-Apple ifuna umphakeli wesibili ngaphandle kwe-TSMC
Kuze kube manje, I-TSMC ibe ngumnikezeli okhethekile wama-chips amakhulu e-AppleLokhu kusebenza kukho kokubili uchungechunge A lwe-iPhone kanye nochungechunge lwe-M lwe-Mac ne-iPad. Le modeli yozakwethu oyedwa yenza ukuxhumana kwezobuchwepheshe kube lula, kodwa futhi igxilisa umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu kakhulu kumlingisi oyedwa esimweni sokungezwani kwezwe, izingqinamba, kanye nesidingo esikhulu samanodi aphambili.
Ukufaka i-Intel njengenye isisekelo kuvumela i-Apple hlukanisa uchungechunge lwakho lokuhlinzeka nge-semiconductor ngaphandle kokushiya ubuchwepheshe be-TSMC. Umqondo awukona ukuthatha indawo ye-Foundry yaseTaiwan, kodwa ukusabalalisa umthwalo womsebenzi ngokohlobo lwe-chip, inkimbinkimbi yomklamo, kanye nokuhamba phambili komkhiqizo ngamunye.
Empeleni, le ndlela exubile isiza uku nciphisa ukuncika endaweni eyodwa yokwehluleka engxenyeni ebaluleke kakhulu njengeprosesa. Ezimeni ezibucayi—ukungezwani kwezohwebo, izinhlekelele zemvelo, noma ukuntengantenga kwesifunda—ukuba namandla okukhiqiza ezindaweni ezihlukene kuba yinzuzo yesu eliphezulu.
Kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile e-Spain nanoma yiliphi izwe laseYurophu, konke lokhu kuhumushela kokuthile okuphathekayo kakhulu: ubungozi obuncane bokuphela kwesitoko kanye nokutholakala komkhiqizo ozinzileikakhulukazi phakathi nemikhankaso enesidingo esikhulu njengokuthi "buyela esikoleni", uKhisimusi noma uLwesihlanu Omnyama, lapho ukutholakala kwe-MacBook ne-iPad kuvame ukuvivinywa.
Okuzuzwa yi-Intel: ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi layo lokusungula kanye noshintsho endimeni
Ku-Intel, ukuthola i-Apple ukuthi iyiphathise ingxenye yokukhiqizwa kwe-M chips kusho ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu ku-Intel Foundry ServicesIsigaba esihlose ukuncintisana ngaso ngqo ne-TSMC kanye ne-Samsung ekukhiqizeni izinkontileka. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, inkampani ibe nobunzima obukhulu bokuhambisana nama-node aholayo, ilandela izimbangi zayo zase-Asia.
Isivumelwano salobu bukhulu sizothumela umyalezo ocacile emakethe: Inqubo yayo ye-2nm Intel 18A isilungele amakhasimende asezingeni eliphezuluNgaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqiza i-Apple Silicon ngokusekelwe ku-Arm kusho ukuthi i-Intel izokhiqiza ama-chips ngobuningi kusakhiwo esingeyona i-x86, iqinise ukuguqukela kwayo kumodeli yebhizinisi ehlukahlukene.
Uma ukubambisana kuhlanganiswa, kungenzeka kakhulu lokho ezinye izinkampani emkhakheni ziqala ukubheka i-Intel njengenketho yangempela ngemiklamo yabo ethuthukisiwe. Amafemu afana ne-Nvidia, i-AMD, noma abathuthukisi be-chip ngokwezifiso-kuhlanganise namaphrojekthi aseYurophu-angabona lesi sivumelwano njengobufakazi bokuthi i-Intel ingakwazi ukusingatha ukukhiqizwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kuma-node asezingeni eliphezulu.
Mayelana nesithombe, ukusuka ekubeni ngumphakeli u-Apple aziqhelelanisa nawo ngo-2020 waze waba enye yezinsika zokwenziwa kwamaphrosesa ezizukulwaneni zabo ezizayo Kungaba ukulandisa okubalulekile kwe-Intel ngaphakathi kwemboni yezobuchwepheshe yomhlaba wonke.
Ubukhulu bezepolitiki kanye ne-geostrategic besivumelwano
Ngaphandle kwezici zobuchwepheshe kuphela, isivumelwano esingaba khona phakathi kwe-Apple ne-Intel sinokuchazwa okucacile kwezepolitiki. I-United States ibilokhu ikhuthaza kakhulu ukwenziwa kwama-semiconductors athuthukile endaweni yayo iminyaka., esekela ukwakhiwa kwamafekthri amasha ngezimali zomphakathi kanye nokunikeza izinxephezelo zentela kumaphrojekthi wamasu afana ne-Intel's e-Arizona.
Ku-Apple, ukushintsha ingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwayo kwe-M-chip ezitshalweni zase-US kuvumela qondanisa ne-ajenda ye-Washington ye-technological reindustrializationInkampani ingethula lesi sinqumo njengophawu lokuzibophezela kokuthi "Made in America," into enesisindo engxoxweni yangaphakathi yezepolitiki kanye nasebudlelwaneni bayo nabaphathi besikhathi esizayo.
Le nto iba ebaluleke kakhulu uma sicabanga ukuthi i-Apple ivamise ukuba ngaphansi ukucutshungulwa njalo kokulawula kanye nepolitikiUkwazi ukusho ukuthi ingxenye ebalulekile yemikhiqizo yabo—i-silicon eyinika amandla—ikhiqizwa enhlabathini yaseMelika kwengeza enye impikiswano evuna bona lapho kudingidwa imithethonqubo, amanani entengo, noma imikhawulo yokuhweba engaba khona.
Okwamanje, I-Europe ibukele lezi zinguquko njengoba izama ukuqinisa imboni yayo ye-semiconductor ngezinhlelo ezifana ne-European Chips Act. Iqiniso lokuthi ingxenye enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwama-node ahamba phambili iyaqhubeka nokugxilwa e-United States nase-Asia igcizelela inselelo i-European Union ebhekene nayo ekuheheni izindawo zokukhiqiza inqubo ehamba phambili ngempela endaweni yayo.
Umthelela kubasebenzisi base-Spain nakulo lonke elaseYurophu
Ngokombono womsebenzisi waseSpain, konke lokhu kungqubuzana kwezimboni kungase kuzwakale ukude, kodwa Kuthinta izindaba eziqondile zansuku zonkeUkutholakala kwamamodeli afana ne-MacBook Air noma i-iPad Pro ezitolo ezinkulu, abathengisi abagunyaziwe, kanye nezitolo eziku-inthanethi kuncike ngokuqondile ekutheni i-Apple ibe nokuhlinzekwa okuqinisekisiwe okuzinzile kwama-chips.
Uma i-Intel ikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga izinga lokungena kanye ne-mid-range M processorsNgezikhathi zokulethwa ezibikezelwa kakhudlwana, ukwethulwa komkhiqizo cishe kungafika nesitoko esanele, kunciphisa izinhlu zokulinda kanye nokushoda kwempahla ngezikhathi ezibucayi. Emanyuvesi aseYurophu, amabhizinisi, kanye nokuphathwa komphakathi, izikhathi zokulethwa ezibikezelwayo zingenza umehluko lapho kuhlelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini.
Intengo ingenye into okufanele uyibhekisise. Kusesekuseni kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi Ukukhiqiza amanye ama-chip nge-Intel kuzokwehlisa izindleko zeyunithi ye-Apple.Nokho, ukuba nozakwethu ababili abanezinqubo ezithuthukile kufanele kuqinise isimo sabo sokuxoxisana. Umthelela wokugcina ku-RRP Kuzoncika ekutheni i-Apple inquma kanjani ukuphatha imingcele yayo kanye nesimo somnotho eYurophu eminyakeni ezayo.
Akubonakali kunengqondo ukulindela izinguquko ezisheshayo ezintengo ze-Mac ne-iPad kusukela kulolu shintsho olulula lokusakaza, nakuba lungasiza. gwema ukukhuphuka kwentengo okubukhali okuhlobene nokushoda kwe-semiconductor, njengoba kuye kwabonakala kweminye imikhakha lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-chip kungakwazanga ukuhambisana nesidingo.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukusetshenziswa kwama-node afana ne-Intel 18A kuqinisekisa lokho Abasebenzisi base-Europe bazoqhubeka nokufinyelela kumadivayisi anokuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni nokusebenza kahle kwamandlaNoma ngabe i-chip iqhamuka ku-wafer ye-TSMC noma isitshalo se-Intel, inqobo nje uma i-Apple igcina izinga layo elijwayelekile lokuqina.
Konke kukhomba esivumelwaneni okungenzeka ngaso I-Intel izokhiqiza amanye ama-chips we-Apple Silicon wesikhathi esizayo we-MacBook Air ne-iPad Pro kusukela ngo-2027. Ingase ihlele kabusha ngobuhlakani imephu yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor yomhlaba wonke: I-Apple izothola indawo yokuqondisa nokuphepha ochungechungeni lwayo lokunikezela, i-Intel izoqinisa ukuzibophezela kwayo ekusunguleni izindawo ezihamba phambili, futhi i-TSMC izogcina isikhundla sayo ebangeni elithuthuke kakhulu, kuyilapho abasebenzisi baseSpain nakulo lonke elaseYurophu bezobona ngaphezu kwakho konke ukunikezwa okubikezelwayo kwama-Macs kanye ne-iPads, ngokushintshashintsha kwentengo okumbalwa ngenxa yokushaqeka kwentengo okumbalwa kanye nezimo eziyishumi zokukhiqiza.
